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AC-DC コンバーター: 交流を直流に変換
著者： ZYGパワーモジュール Time： 2023-4-17
整流器とも呼ばれる AC-DC コンバーターは、交流 (AC) を直流 (DC) に変換するために使用される電子デバイスです。このプロセスは、電子機器や電源など、DC 電圧が必要な多くのアプリケーションで不可欠です。
変換プロセスには、AC 電流を一方向にのみ通過させて効果的に DC 電圧に変換するダイオード ブリッジ整流器が含まれます。この整流器は、ブリッジ回路を作成するために特定のパターンで配置された 4 つのダイオードで構成されています。
AC 電圧の正の半サイクルの間、ダイオードの 1 つのペアが導通し、電流が流れます。一方、ダイオードのもう 1 つのペアは逆バイアスされ、電流を遮断します。負の半サイクルでは逆のことが起こり、以前に導通していたダイオードが逆バイアスされ、もう一方のダイオードのペアが導通します。
整流器の出力は脈動する DC 電圧であり、ほとんどのアプリケーションには適していません。したがって、回路に平滑コンデンサを追加して、脈動を除去し、より安定した DC 電圧出力を作成します。
平滑コンデンサのサイズと容量は、アプリケーションと必要な電流量によって異なります。高電流アプリケーションでは、脈動を除去して安定した DC 電圧を維持するために、大きなコンデンサが必要です。
ほとんどの電子機器の動作には DC 電圧が必要であるため、AC-DC コンバータの使用は年々ますます重要になっています。このコンバータは、電源、バッテリ充電器、および LED ライトで広く使用されています。
結論として、AC-DCコンバータはAC電圧をDC電圧に変換するために不可欠なデバイスです。整流器ブリッジと平滑化コンデンサが連携して、ほとんどのアプリケーションに適した安定した DC 電圧出力を生成します。このコンバーターの使用はエレクトロニクス産業に革命をもたらし、電子機器が効率的かつ効果的に動作することを可能にしました。
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